Carbon nanomaterials have been developing for many years and are on the eve of a major breakthrough

The carbon nanomaterials represented by Fullerene, Metallofullerene and carbon nanotubes have entered a relatively stable and solid research stage after the research climax in the 1990s. With the continuous deepening of research, carbon nanomaterials are showing an increasingly irreplaceable and important role in human production and life. Experts attending the 370th Xiangshan Scientific Conference on the theme of "the development strategy of carbon nanomaterials" held in Beijing a few days ago believed that carbon nanomaterials represented by Fullerene, after years of accumulation, are on the eve of major development and breakthrough, and carbon nanomaterials show encouraging application prospects.
Wang Chunru, Executive Chairman of the meeting and researcher at the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, delivered a review report titled "Development and Application of Carbon Nanomaterials". Wang Chunru said that carbon nanomaterials are one of the most active research fields in nanoscience. The rapid development of nanoscience has largely benefited from the discovery of carbon nanomaterials such as Fullerene, nanotubes and Graphene since the 1980s. At present, carbon nanomaterials have expanded from Fullerene and nanotubes to nano angles, Graphene, Graphyne and other new materials, and greatly promoted the prosperity of nano science.
Taking Fullerene as an example, its formation mechanism has been basically clear. Scientists used various methods to synthesize and separate Fullerene ranging from C20 to C240; Further research also found that when there are metal atoms embedded in Fullerene to form Metallofullerene or to modify the surface of carbon cages, extremely unstable Fullerene that violate the rule of independent five membered rings can also be stabilized, thus opening up a new field of Fullerene research.
In recent years, China has also made great progress in the research of Fullerene and Metallofullerene functional materials. The Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen University, Peking University and other scientific research institutions have done a lot of work in the synthesis, separation, chemical modification, molecular assembly, biomedicine, photoelectric materials, catalysis and other aspects of Fullerene and embedded Fullerene, and have made a series of achievements in the research of new structure Fullerene, Fullerene derivatives and other aspects.
Carbon nanotubes have very high mechanical strength and elasticity, and excellent conductor or semiconductor properties in electronics; It has excellent nonlinear optical properties in optics. The excellent properties of nanotubes make it possible to be widely applied in various fields such as information, optoelectronics, life, energy, sensing, materials, etc., becoming one of the enduring research hotspots in the field of nanoscience. At present, carbon nanotube science is still in rapid development, with endless new discoveries and applications.
Graphene is a kind of carbon nano material which has developed rapidly in recent years. The thickness of single-layer Graphene is only 0.335nm. Its biggest characteristic is that it conducts electricity very fast, far more than other conductive materials, and can be used in conductive films, electrode materials, sensors, etc. Graphene also has the advantage of high strength, which can be widely used as an additive in high-strength composites. Although Graphene was discovered less than 10 years ago, it has entered the golden age of research.

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